Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ciwandan
Abstract
Air Susu Ibu (ASI) diberikan 1 jam pertama setelah lahir tanpa makanan dan minuman tambahan selama 6 bulan pertama yang terbukti meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan dan keberlangsungan hidup anak. Pemberian ASI Eksklusif masih menjadi permasalahan untuk Puskesmas Ciwandan berdasarkan data cakupan pencapaian ASI eksklusif tahun 2021 belum mencapai target yang sesuai yaitu sebesar 43,2% dari target 60%. Cakupan pencapaian ASI eksklusif di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu tahun 2021 paling rendah se-Kecamatan Ciwandan sebesar 30,7%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ciwandan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan disain potong lintang dengan mengambil data dari ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 6 bulan sampai dengan usia 1 tahun di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu (n=72). Analisa dilakukan menggunakan chi-square dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagai variabel dependen dan sebagai variabel independen adalah karakteristik responden (pendidikan, pekerjaan), pengetahuan dan peran petugas. Hasil penelitian univariat menunjukkan pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagian besar tidak ASI eksklusif (63,9%), tingkat pendidikan rendah (87,5%), tidak bekerja (70,8), pengetahuan baik (68,1) dan peran petugas baik (55,6%). Analisa uji chi square menunjukan ada hubungan yang signifikan p value (<0,05) antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan Pendidikan p=0,002, pekerjaan p=0,004, pengetahuan p=0,007 dan peran petugas kesehatan p=0,000. Hasil ini mengindikasikan perlunya optimalisasi peran petugas dalam memberikan KIE (Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi) tentang ASI eksklusif.
References
Al-Ruzaihan, S.A. et al. (2017) ‘Effect of maternal occupation on breast feeding among females in Al-Hassa, southeastern region of KSA’, Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 12(3), pp. 235–240. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2016.08.013.
Amir, A. et al. (2018) FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMBERIAN ASI PADA BAYI NEONATAL DI RSIA PERTIWI MAKASSAR. Pemberian ASI.
Attali, E. and Yogev, Y. (2021) ‘The impact of advanced maternal age on pregnancy outcome’, Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 70, pp. 2–9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BPOBGYN.2020.06.006.
Azeze, G.A. et al. (2019) ‘Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice and Associated Factors among Mothers in Boditi Town, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2018: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study’, International Journal of Pediatrics (United Kingdom), 2019. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1483024.
Dukuzumuremyi, J.P.C. et al. (2020) ‘Knowledge, attitude, and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in East Africa: A systematic review’, International Breastfeeding Journal. BioMed Central. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-00313-9.
Fadjriah, R.N., Krisnasari, S. and Gugu, Y. (2021) ‘Relationship between family social support and exclusive breastfeeding behavior at talise health center, indonesia’, Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9, pp. 312–316. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5987.
Hakim (2021) ‘Literature Review : Hubungan Status Ibu Bekerja Dengan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Indonesia’, Naskah publikasi [Preprint].
Herman, A. and Ode Chalifa, W. (2021) Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu dengan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif, PROFESIONAL HEALTH JOURNAL. Available at: http://jurnal.stikesbanyuwangi.ac.id.
Jama, A. et al. (2020) ‘Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and its associated factors among children age 6-24 months in Burao district, Somaliland’, International Breastfeeding Journal, 15(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-0252-7.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI (2018) Manfaat ASI eksklusif untuk Ibu dan Bayi, https://promkes.kemkes.go.id/manfaat-asi-eksklusif-untuk-ibu-dan-bayi.
Laksono, A.D. et al. (2021) ‘The effects of mother’s education on achieving exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia’, BMC Public Health, 21(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10018-7.
Mangun, M. et al. (2021) Exclusive Breastfeeding For Working Mothers And Workplace Leadership Support Hadriani, Nirma, Mardiani Mangun, Putri Mulia Sakti Under the license CC BY-SA 4.0. Available at: http://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jjhsr.
Mardhika, A. et al. (2021) Description Of Knowledge In Exclusive Breastfeeding Mothers At Sukomulyo Community Health Center, Gresik, Journal of Vocational Nursing. Available at: www.e-journal.unair.ac.id/JoViN/.
Mohamed, M.J., Ochola, S. and Owino, V.O. (2018) ‘Comparison of knowledge, attitudes and practices on exclusive breastfeeding between primiparous and multiparous mothers attending Wajir District hospital, Wajir County, Kenya: A cross-sectional analytical study’, International Breastfeeding Journal, 13(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-018-0151-3.
Puskesmas Ciwandan (2021) Profil Puskesmas Ciwandan.
Ramli, R. (2020) ‘Correlation of Mothers’ Knowledge and Employment Status with Exclusive Breastfeeding in Sidotopo’, Jurnal PROMKES, 8(1), p. 36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20473/jpk.v8.i1.2020.36-46.
Suárez-Cotelo, M. del C. et al. (2019) ‘Breastfeeding knowledge and relation to prevalence’, Revista da Escola de Enfermagem, 53. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2018004503433.
Syamiyah, N. and Helda, H. (2018) ‘Dukungan Tenaga Kesehatan dalam Meningkatkan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Ibu di Posyandu Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Mampang Prapatan Jakarta’, Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan, pp. 29–37. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22435/jpppk.v2i1.54.
Tang, K. et al. (2019) ‘Association between maternal education and breast feeding practices in China: A population-based cross-sectional study’, BMJ Open, 9(8). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028485.
Timporok, W.P.R.S. (2018) ‘Hubungan Status Pekerjaan Ibu dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kawangkoan’, e-Journal Keperawatan (eKp), 6.
Umaya, M. et al. (2020) ‘Peran Petugas Kesehatan Terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Bajeng Kabupaten Gowa Tahun 2020’, 3(1), p. 2020.
Veghari, G., Ahmadpour-Kacho, M. and Zahedpasha, Y. (2014) ‘The comparison of parents′ educational level on the breastfeeding status between turkman and non-turkman ethnic groups in the north of Iran’, Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 4(6), p. 899. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4103/2141-9248.144908.
WHO (2021) Breastfeeding.
Widiyanto, S., Aviyanti, D. and Tyas, M. (2012) Hubungan Pendidikan dan Pengetahuan Ibu tentang ASI Eksklusif dengan Sikap terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif, Jurnal Kedokteran Muhammadiyah.
Wulandari, R. et al. (2019) ‘Exclusive Breastfeeding among Working Mothers in Jabodetabek, Indonesia’, in Strengthening Hospital Competitiveness to Improve Patient Satisfaction and Better Health Outcomes. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, pp. 183–195. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26911/the6thicph-FP.03.02.
Yimer, D.S. et al. (2021) ‘Exclusive breastfeeding practice and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Woldia Town, Northwest Ethiopia’, African Health Sciences, 21(4), pp. 1877–1886. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i4.46.
Yulidasari, F., Rahman, F. and Rani, P. (2017) ‘Health Workers Support, Culture and Status of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Sungai Ulin Community Health Center’, Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 13(1), pp. 7–12. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v13i1.6557.
Copyright (c) 2021 Susi Irianti, Norma Lusiana, Annisa Nurhayati Hidayat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with ProHealth Journal agree to the following terms:
-
Authors retain copyright and grant ProHealth Journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to remix, adapt and build upon the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and of the initial publication in ProHealth Journal.
-
Authors are permitted to copy and redistribute the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in ProHealth Journal.
